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The
main disadvantage of commingled production is the loss of individual
zone production data, making reservoir management more uncertain
and complex. In many cases this added uncertainty and complexity
is offset by the advantages, in particular by the ability to clean
out wells that are prone to liquid loading. Wells subject to liquid-loading
create significant difficulty for reservoir managers in their own
way.
In general,
operators should pursue commingling production, including requesting
approval from the appropriate governing bodies, except under the
following circumstances:
Situations Where
Commingled Production May Not Be Advised
- Zones with
a reservoir pressure that is less than the current wellhead flowing
pressure (gas or water production may flow from one zone into
another, called cross-flow),
- Wellbores
that have large differences in individual zone reservoir pressures,
particularly where the well may be off-production for extended
periods, during which time cross-flow of gas or water may occur,
- Zones within
the same well that have different working interests or royalty
ownerships, because allocation issues can be difficult and confrontational,
- Zones with
a high water-gas-ratio that may be detrimental to other zones
with which they may be commingled,
- Any other
possibility where the combined commingled production from the
zones leads to a lower production rate or ultimate recovery than
producing them sequentially or simultaneously in segregation.
Determination of this requires a comprehensive understanding and
forecast for the zones individually and together in a commingled
state.
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